Research

Virtual Landscape

Ongoing Research

VR design for space program
Researchers: Ikhwan Kim, Zeynep Sude Çapan, Burcu Durmaz

Cognitive Load in a VR
Researchers: Parsia Modarresi, Zeynep Sude Çapan, Can Sönmez, Ikhwan Kim

Space identity in SNS platforms
Researchers: Ceylin Damla Özdil, Ikhwan Kim

Study of space ratio in a VR
Researchers: Kübra Nur Ak, Cagri,  Ikhwan Kim

Effects of monochrome VR
Researchers: Ceylin Damla Özdil, Kübra Nur Ak, Ikhwan Kim

Sound-Driven VR design
Researchers: Can Sönmez, Ikhwan Kim

 

 

Past Research

Interpersonal Interaction in Virtual Landscapes: The Effect of Color
Researchers: Zeynep Sude Çapan, Fahir Aruoba, Ali Giray Toksoy, Ikhwan Kim

Evolution of GPUs and Virtual Landscape Design in Digital Games
Researchers: Can Sönmez, Parsia Modarresi, Rana Ayoğlu, Ikhwan Kim

Comparative assessment of the cognitive effectiveness of projection mapping on physical models versus digital renders in landscape architecture
Researchers: İdil Yılmaz, Yağmur Danışma, Ikhwan Kim

Digital game level design guide
Researchers: Ikhwan Kim

Perceptual calibration of gravitational constants in virtual environments
Researchers: Azra Dilek Erhan, Ikhwan Kim

The impact of monochrome virtual landscapes on human perception and emotion
Researchers: Rümeysa Öksüz, Ikhwan Kim

The effect of scaled grid patterns on time perception in virtual landscapes
Researchers:Songül Özyurt, Ikhwan Kim

Analyzing human-physical, player-virtual landscape interaction in disaster simulations context
Researchers: Zehera Bilcan, Ikhwan Kim

VR mirror integration: Reducing carbon emissions through enhanced communication design
Researchers: Yağmur Danışma, Ikhwan Kim

Coastal erosion mitigation: Relationship between marine vegetation and erosion
Researchers: Ceylan Sözer, Ikhwan Kim

Earthquake prediction methodology based on neural network model
Researchers: Ikhwan Kim, Azra Dilek Erhan, Rümeysa Öksüz, Rana Ayoğlu

Effects of visual cues on depth perception in virtual landscapes
Researchers: Rümeysa Öksüz, Ikhwan Kim

The computational methodology to propose the distribution of marine environment with incomplete data
Researchers: Ceylan Sözer, Ikhwan Kim

Earthquake prediction methodology based on neural network model
Researchers: Azra Dilek Erhan, Ikhwan Kim

New proxemics in new space: proxemics in VR
Researchers: Ikhwan Kim, Junghan Sung

Leveraging landscape architecture and environmental storytelling for next-generation gaming experiences: A holistic approach to virtual world design
Researchers: Sepehr Vaez Afshar, Sarvin Eshaghi, Sana Vaez Afshar, Ikhwan Kim 

Virtual Landscape Design Patterns in Albion Online
Researchers: Zeynep Karaman, Ikhwan Kim

Investigating The Intersection of Wayfinding and Immersive Experience in Virtual Landscapes
Researchers: Suna Korkmaz, Ikhwan Kim

The Optimal D:H Ratio Assessment for Sense of Enclosure in Virtual Landscapes
Researchers: Suna Korkmaz, Ikhwan Kim

Pattern Analysis of Virtual Landscape within Educational Games
Researchers: Sepehr Vaez Afshar, Sarvin Eshaghi, Ikhwan Kim 

Urban design analysis of New York City’s virtual model—The case of Tom Clancy’s The Division
Researchers: Nima Sharafi Rohani, Ikhwan Kim

Investigating the Intersection of Wayfinding and Immersive Experience in Virtual Landscapes
Researchers: Suna Korkmaz, Ikhwan Kim

 

Yayınlar

Çapan, Z. S., et al. (2026). Interpersonal interaction in virtual landscapes: The effect of color. Journal of Digital Landscape Architecture, (11), 965.

Sönmez, C., et al. (2026). Evolution of GPUs and virtual landscape design in digital games. Journal of Digital Landscape Architecture, (11), 331.

Yılmaz, İ., et al. (2026). Comparative assessment of the cognitive effectiveness of projection mapping on physical models versus digital renders in landscape architecture. Journal of Digital Landscape Architecture, (11), 322.

Kim, I. (2024). Digital game level design guide [디지털 게임 레벨 디자인 가이드]. Darwin's Bookshelf [다윈의서재]

Erhan, A. D., & Kim, I. (2025, August 18). Perceptual calibration of gravitational constants in virtual environments [Paper presentation]. 18th World Congress on Electrical Engineering, Computer Systems and Science (WCEECSS 2025)

Öksüz, R. M., & Kim, I. (2025). The impact of monochrome virtual landscapes on human perception and emotion. Journal of Digital Landscape Architecture, 10, 565–571. https://doi.org/10.14627/537754053

Özyurt, S., & Kim, I. (2025). The effect of scaled grid patterns on time perception in virtual landscapes. Journal of Digital Landscape Architecture, 10, 62–73. https://doi.org/10.14627/537754007

Bilcan, Z., & Kim, I. (2024, September 5). Analyzing human-physical, player-virtual landscape interaction in disaster simulations context [Paper presentation]. International Federation of Landscape Architecture (IFLA) World Congress 2024, Istanbul, Turkey.

Danisma, Y., & Kim, I. (2024, September 5). VR mirror integration: Reducing carbon emissions through enhanced communication design [Paper presentation]. International Federation of Landscape Architecture (IFLA) World Congress 2024, Istanbul, Turkey.

Sozer, C., & Kim, I. (2024, September 5). Coastal erosion mitigation: Relationship between marine vegetation and erosion [Paper presentation]. International Federation of Landscape Architecture (IFLA) World Congress 2024, Istanbul, Turkey.

Kim, I., Erhan, A., Oksuz, R., & Ayoglu, R. (2024, September 6). Earthquake prediction methodology based on neural network model [Paper presentation]. International Federation of Landscape Architecture (IFLA) World Congress 2024, Istanbul, Turkey.

Öksüz, R. M., & Kim, I. (2024). Effects of visual cues on depth perception in virtual landscapes. Journal of Digital Landscape Architecture, 9, 900–907.

Sözer, C., & Kim, I. (2024). The computational methodology to propose the distribution of marine environment with incomplete data. Journal of Digital Landscape Architecture, 9, 346–353.

Erhan, A. D., & Kim, I. (2024, June 8). Earthquake prediction methodology based on neural network model [Paper presentation]. International Symposium on Innovations in Scientific Areas (SISA 2024) 

Kim, Ikhwan & Sung, Junghan. (2024). New proxemics in new space: proxemics in VR. Virtual Reality. 28. 10.1007/s10055-024-00982-5. 

Vaez Afshar, S., Eshaghi, S., Afshar, S., & Kim, I. (2023). Leveraging landscape architecture and environmental storytelling for next-generation gaming experiences: A holistic approach to virtual world design.

Dugurt, Z. C., & Kim, I. (2023, May 19). Relationship between abandoned open spaces and pedestrian flow: In a case study of Antalya [Conference paper]. DAKAM International Online Architectural Design Conference.

Karaman, Z., & Kim, I. (2023). Virtual Landscape Design Patterns in Albion Online. Journal of Digital Landscape Architecture, 2023(8), 253-261. https://doi.org/10.14627/537740027

Korkmaz, Suna & Kim, Ikhwan. (2023). Investigating The Intersection of Wayfinding and Immersive Experience in Virtual Landscapes. Eurasian Journal of Science and Engineering. 8. 10.23918/eajse.v8i3p221. 

Korkmaz, Suna & Kim, Ikhwan. (2022). The Optimal D:H Ratio Assessment for Sense of Enclosure in Virtual Landscapes. JoLA - Journal on Landscape Architecture. 1. 425-434. 10.14627/537724041. 

Vaez Afshar, Sepehr & Eshaghi, Sarvin & Kim, Ikhwan. (2022). Pattern Analysis of Virtual Landscape within Educational Games. JoLA - Journal on Landscape Architecture. 1. 435-442. 10.14627/537724042. 

Rohani, N. S., & Kim, I. (2023). Urban design analysis of New York City’s virtual model—The case of Tom Clancy’s The Division. Architecture and Planning Journal, 28(3), Article 37.

Korkmaz, S., & Kim, I. (2021, November 10). Investigating the intersection of wayfinding and immersive experience in virtual landscapes [Paper presentation]. International Conference on Architecture & Interior Design Education and Practice in Architecture.